The Evolutionary Arms Race - Natural Selection

The Evolutionary Arms Race - Natural Selection Species, so as to advance, must collect adjustments that are great for nature in which they live. These favored characteristics are what make an individual increasingly fit and ready to live long enough to imitate. Since ​natural choice picks these positive attributes, they get went down to the people to come. Others that don't show those attributes vanish and, in the end, their qualities are not, at this point accessible in the genetic stock. As these species advance, different species that are in close advantageous associations with those species should likewise advance. This is called co-advancement and it is frequently contrasted with a transformative type of a weapons contest. As one animal varieties develops, different species it connects with must likewise advance or they may go terminated. Balanced Arms Race On account of a balanced weapons contest in development, the co-advancing species are changing similarly. Normally, an even weapons contest is a consequence of rivalry over an asset in a region that is constrained. For instance, the underlying foundations of certain plants will become further than others to get water. As the water level goes down, just the plants with the more drawn out roots will endure. Plants with shorter roots will be compelled to adjust by developing longer roots, or they will kick the bucket. The contending plants will continue advancing longer and longer roots, attempting to beat one another and get the water. Awry Arms Race As the name suggests, an unbalanced weapons contest will bring about the species to adjust in various manners. This kind of developmental weapons contest despite everything brings about the co-advancement of the species. Most lopsided arms races originate from a predator-prey relationship or the like. For example, in the predator-prey relationship of lions and zebras, the outcome is an unbalanced weapons contest. The zebras become quicker and more grounded to get away from the lions. That implies the lions need to become stealthier and better trackers so as to continue eating zebras. The two species are not advancing similar kinds of attributes, yet in the event that one advances, it makes the need in different species to likewise advance so as to endure. Transformative Arms Races and Disease People are not insusceptible to the transformative weapons contest. Indeed, the human species is aggregating adjustments continually to battle ailment. The host-parasite relationship is a genuine case of a developmental weapons contest that can incorporate people. As parasites attack the human body, the human insusceptible framework will kick in to attempt to dispose of the parasite. In this way, the parasite must have a decent guard component to have the option to remain in the human without being slaughtered off or ousted. As the parasite adjusts and develops, the human invulnerable framework must adjust and advance too. So also, the marvel of anti-microbial obstruction in microscopic organisms is likewise a sort of developmental weapons contest. Specialists regularly recommend anti-microbials for patients that have a bacterial contamination with the expectation that the anti-infection agents will invigorate the invulnerable framework and slaughter off the malady causing pathogen. After some time and rehashed employments of anti-toxins, just microorganisms that have advanced to be resistant to the anti-infection agents will endure and the anti-infection agents will not, at this point be successful in killing off the microscopic organisms. By then, another treatment will be fundamental and power the human to either co-advance to ward off the more grounded microscopic organisms, or locate another fix to which the microbes are not safe. This is the motivation behind why it is significant for specialists not to overprescribe anti-microbials each time a patient is wiped out.

Theories and ideologies #3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Speculations and belief systems #3 - Essay Example The progressions in both Marxism and disorder are planned to better the general public whenever embraced. Private enterprise has for since quite a while ago been the underhanded wheel turning the general public and has come about to creation of monstrous disparity both strategically and socially. Private enterprise prompts a financial method of creation that sees the rich keep getting more extravagant and the poor become less fortunate. The pioneers of free enterprise pay low wages to the workers sufficiently only to keep them alive however not to take part in other benefit making exercises that can rival them. Then, they keep making a great deal of benefit and growing their own financial domains. With monetary influence comes political influence and thus the rich additionally hold and control the political influence. Socialism carries correspondence to all both monetarily, socially and strategically. Everybody has what is essential and even the overflow is partitioned among the individuals. Political force is similarly shared and constrained by the individuals. Social order is obscure i n this general public and the normal topic is mutual possession thus harmony prevails1. A general public without singular proprietorship or a solitary type of initiative is the perfect society. Individuals are at freedom to claim join property and be in charge of the associations and authority. There is no administration to constrain individuals nor is their political administration to control the people2. Mankind is at freedom to practice their privileges and help each other as they wish. Social imbalance is obscure as all properties imaginable is shared among the individuals and nobody claims anything. Without individual property, initiative and authority, harmony wins among the individuals as there is no reason for strife. Social and monetary issues are taken care of by the entire network all in all and subsequently a bad situation for political belief systems. Laborers are in charge of the businesses and every industry is a free substance meaning nobody has command over it as an individual yet rather it is a network property

Stefan’s Diaries Origins Chapter 20 Free Essays

I didn’t see Damon for the following barely any days. Father said he was investing energy at the camp, a thought that plainly filled him with no limited quantity of delight. Father trusted that Damon investing energy there would prompt him rejoining the military, despite the fact that I calculated his hours would be spent generally betting and discussing ladies. We will compose a custom article test on Stefan’s Diaries: Origins Chapter 20 or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now I, for one, was happy. Obviously, I missed my sibling, however I could always be unable to spend so much continuous, unchallenged time with Katherine if Damon was near. Honestly, despite the fact that I felt backstabbing to state it, Father and I adjusted well to Damon being no more. We started taking suppers together, amicably playing hands of cribbage after supper. Father would share his musings about the day, about the regulator, and about his arrangements to purchase new ponies from a homestead in Kentucky. For the hundredth time, I understood the amount he needed me to assume control over the bequest, and just because, I felt energy in that chance. It was a direct result of Katherine. I’d taken to going through every night in her chambers, leaving not long before work started in the fields. She hadn’t exposed her teeth since that night in the forested areas. Maybe that mystery meeting in the backwoods had made a huge difference. She required me to stay discreet, and I required all her me entirety. In her little, diminish room, everything was enthusiastic and perfectâ€it nearly felt as though we were love birds. Obviously, I considered how it would work, me developing more seasoned every year as Katherine remained similarly as youthful and excellent. Yet, that was an inquiry for some other time, after the dread of the vampire scourge was finished, after we were locked in, after we’d sunk into an existence without stowing away. â€Å"I know you’ve been investing energy with youthful Katherine,† Father said one night during supper, as Alfred gathered the dishes and presented to Father his all around worn deck of cards for us to play. â€Å"Y es.† I looked as Alfred emptied sherry into Father’s glass. In the flashing candlelight, the typically pink fluid looked like blood. He held the decanter to me, yet I shook my head. â€Å"So has youthful Damon,† Father watched, taking the card deck in his thick fingers and gradually palming it from hand to hand. I murmured, irritated that Damon had by and by come into a discussion about Katherine. â€Å"She needs a companion. Friends,† I said. â€Å"That she does. Furthermore, I’m happy that you’ve had the option to furnish her with companionship,† Father said. He set the cards facedown on the table and looked at me. â€Å"Y know, I don’t know especially about her ou Atlanta relations. I’d knew about her through one of my delivery accomplices. Extremely dismal, a young lady stranded by my delivery accomplices. Sad, a young lady stranded by Sherman’s fight, however there aren’t a lot of different Pierces that state they are aware of her.† I moved anxiously. â€Å"Pierce is a typical enough name. Furthermore, perhaps she doesn’t need to be associated with a portion of her relations.† I took a full breath. â€Å"I’m sure there are different Salvatores out there that we haven’t heard of.† â€Å"There’s a decent point,† Father stated, taking a taste of his sherry. â€Å"Salvatore isn’t a typical name, yet it’s a decent one. Which is the reason I trust you and Damon recognize what you’re getting into.† I gazed upward forcefully. â€Å"Fighting over the equivalent girl,† Father said just. â€Å"I wouldn’t need you to lose your relationship. I know I don’t consistently agree with your sibling, yet he’s your fragile living creature and blood.† I winced, the natural expression out of nowhere convoluted. Be that as it may, if Father saw, he didn’t state anything. He got the deck and looked at me eagerly. â€Å"Shall we play?† he asked, previously starting to bargain six cards to me. I got my stack, however as opposed to taking a gander at the cards, I looked somewhere off to the side, to check whether I could recognize any development from the carriage house through the window. Alfred strolled into the room. â€Å"Sir, you have a guest.† â€Å"A guest?† Father asked inquisitively, half standing up from the table. We once in a while had visitors gone to the domain except if there was a gathering. Father constantly favored gathering associates around or at the bar. â€Å"Please pardon my intrusion.† Katherine strolled in, her slim arms loaded up with a bundle of roses of every extraordinary shape and sizesâ€roses and hydrangeas and lilies of the valley. â€Å"Emily and I were picking the blossoms by the lake, and I figured you may value some color.† Katherine offered a little smile as Father solidly held out his hand for her to shake. He’d scarcely had a four-word discussion with Katherine since she’d showed up. I held my breath, as on edge as I would be on the off chance that I were acquainting Father with my pledged. â€Å"Thank you, Miss Pierce,† Father said. â€Å"And our home is your home. If you don't mind don’t feel you have to request that authorization come visit. We’d love to have you, at whatever point you wish to invest energy with us.† â€Å"Thank you. I wouldn’t need to be an imposition,† she stated, fluttering her eyelashes in a way that was powerful for any man. â€Å"Please, have a seat,† Father stated, settling down at the leader of the table. â€Å"My child and I were simply getting ready to play a hand of cards, yet we can absolutely put them away.† Katherine looked at our game. â€Å"Cribbage! My dad and I constantly used to play. May I join you?† She flashed a grin as she sunk into my seat and got my hand. In a split second, she grimaced and started improving the cards. How would she be able to, when stressed for her very presence, be so lighthearted and charming? â€Å"Why, obviously, Miss Pierce. On the off chance that you’d like to play, I’d be respected, and I’m sure my child would be glad to help you.† â€Å"Oh, I know how to play.† She set a card in the focal point of the table. â€Å"Good,† Father stated, putting his own card on hers. â€Å"And, you know, I do stress over you and your servant, in solitude in the carriage house. On the off chance that you need to move to the fundamental house, if you don't mind simply tell me and your desire is my order. I imagined that you might want some protection, yet with things as they are and all the risk †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Father trailed off. Katherine shook her head, a sorry excuse for a grimace crossing her face. â€Å"I’m not terrified. I survived a ton in Atlanta,† she stated, putting an ace on the table faceup. â€Å"Besides, the servants’ quarters are so close, they would hear me on the off chance that I screamed.† As Father set a seven of spades on the table, Katherine contacted my knee, gradually brushing it with a fluffy stroke. I flushed at the personal contact when my dad was so close, yet I didn’t need her to stop. Katherine set a five of precious stones on the card heap. â€Å"Thirteen. I figure I might be on a fortunate streak, Mr. Salvatore,† she stated, moving her peg one spot on the cribbage board. Father broke into a charmed smile. â€Å"Y ou’re a serious young lady. Stefan’s never truly comprehended the principles of this game.† The entryway pummeled, and Damon strolled into the room, his backpack behind him. He disregarded it onto the floor, and Alfred got it. Damon didn’t appear to take note. â€Å"Looks like I’m missing all the fun,† Damon stated, his tone accusatory as his look flicked from Father back to me. â€Å"Y are,† Father said essentially. At that point he really ou looked up and grinned at him. â€Å"Y oung Katherine here is demonstrating that she’s wonderful as well as that she has cerebrums, as well. An intoxicatingly angering combination,† Father stated, seeing that Katherine had piled on an extra point on the board when he wasn’t looking. â€Å"Thank you,† Katherine stated, deftly disposing of and getting another card. â€Å"Y ou’re making me become flushed. In spite of the fact that I do concede that I think your commendations are only a detailed arrangement for diverting me so you can win,† Katherine stated, scarcely trying to recognize Damon. I walked over to Damon. We stood together in the entryway, viewing Katherine and Father. Damon folded his arms over his chest. â€Å"What is she doing here?† â€Å"Playing cards.† I shrugged. â€Å"Do you truly think that’s wise?† Damon brought down his voice. â€Å"Given his assessments on her †¦ provenance.† â€Å"But don’t you see? It’s splendid. She’s beguiling him. I haven’t heard him giggle so hard since Mother died.† I felt unexpectedly insane with joy. This was better than anything I could have arranged. Rather than attempting to concoct an intricate plot to push Father off the vampire trail, Father would just observe that Katherine was human. That she despite everything had feelings and wouldn’t do any mischief put something aside for demolishing his series of wins at cribbage. â€Å"So what?† Damon inquired. â€Å"He’s a maniac on the chase. A couple of grins won’t change that.† Katherine emitted into laughs as Father put down a card. I brought down my voice. â€Å"I think in the event that we let him think about her, he’d alter his perspective. He’d understand that she doesn’t mean any harm.† â€Å"Are you crazy?† Damon murmured, grasping my arm. His breath resembled bourbon. â€Å"If Father thought about Katherine, he’d execute her in a moment! How would you know he’s not previously arranging something?† Simply then Katherine let out a chime of chuckling. Father tossed his head back, adding his rough snicker to hers. Damon and I fell quiet as she looked up from her cards. She found

Utilitarianism And Christianity - Free Essay Example

A Christian perspective to PAS Pain suffering and death lie at the heart of the Christian story and for Christians the fundamental question with regards to PAS is what does life in Jesus Christ the one who hang on the cross, suffered and died a not so dignified death enable and require? Identifying with Christ in turn leads to questions of biblical authority and interpretation of Christianity. Jesus does not die a good death since for may a good death comes after many years of a fulfilling life in old age but Jesus dies tragically young, A good death is by way of natural causes but Jesus dies at the hands of people who hate him, a good death is easy and painless but Jesus dies a painful death. Christians know that since the particulars of Christ death may not necessarily apply to them, the central question has to do with the witness Christ calls them to make and as Christians encounter pain suffering and death in their own lives and the lives of others they need to examine the entire biblical witness which culminates in Christ and the communities witness to him.. Therefore, being faced with pressure to succumb to proponents of PAS it would be prudent to examine the biblical perspectives of pain, suffering and death in order to draw conclusions on whether PAS is right or wrong from the biblical perspective. Scripture presents several different strands of thinking about pain, suffering and death and each stand in relation to the other. These stand in some tension which each other but Christian identity rest not in the selection of one or the other but in living faithfully in the tension they create. There is an account of reported voluntary euthanasia involving King Saul and an Amalekite. The unnamed Amalekite tells King David that he killed Saul at Sauls request, as Saul was wounded in battle. Davids response is to have the Amalekite killed for touching Gods anointed. If indeed euthanasia and by extension PAS was beneficial, David would have rewarded the Amalekite and not sentenced him to death. The biblical hermeneutics would have several approaches to this passage and its meaning however it sets an attitude of restrain and disapproval against deliberate acts of terminating a life on the basis of mercy. Pain, suffering and death is also a consequence the fall and Paul also states the all humanity inherits and continues the history of sin and suffers death though only in Christ , the new Adam, is pain, suffering and death brought to an end . Pain and suffering is also a mystery as seen in the book of Job where he argues he has not sinned and if he had, the pain and suffering are disproportionately great, the psalmist also protest against undeserved pain and suffering he asserts his innocence and demands the God vindicates him, indeed we also see Jesus cry my God my God why have you forsaken me? This cry of anguish can be a faithful act. In demanding the God listen one expresses confidence that God is ultimately present in pain and suffering and the duty of the community is to stand with those who protest and to bear their burden as their own and not to complain it away. Pain, suffering and death is also redemptive as Paul reminds us that suffering can deepen our faith and trials and temptations become opportunities to learn endurance and to refine and purify faith. Ultimately also for the Christian, Christ has proclaimed victory over sin through his suffering, death and resurrection and the Christians encouragement therefore is this process leads to victory over the devil. In an attempt to apply the teachings of the holy scriptures, the Christian will not fear death and is encouraged to be present to the dying making all attempts to make ones physical condition as comfortable as possible and will not seek to prolong ones dying, proclaiming the new life in Jesus and entrusting the dying to his care. On the other hand, they must remember that God may be acting redemptively either for the dyings sake or on behalf of others. They will therefore refrain from actions that hasten death and be open to ways that God may be teaching them about trust, love and surrender to God. It is for this reason that traditionally Christians draw a distinction between active euthanasia and allowing one to die. They can support the withholding or withdrawing of treatment when death is imminent and medical intervention cannot reverse the dying process. Though this distinction is imperfect and indeed ethicists have argued that the intent is the same i.e hasten death. As concerns unrelieved pain and suffering we see Job crying out against the meaningless of the pain and suffering and his protest becomes an act of faith even in his attempt to seek meaning of this pain and suffering. Christians therefore should not despair when pain and suffering is meaningless but the community should instead be present and show solidarity and bear each others burdens and support each other as we are enabled e.g. provide adequate healthcare (especially pain control), bring together, inform adequately and empower all parties involved in end of life decisions as well as help parties involved deal with the emotional and spiritual suffering that makes continuing to live difficult. Indeed, this is compassion in action as in its absence euthanasia and PAS becomes an easier choice to take. Compassion is therefore the hallmark of good end of life care. The challenge to the Christian is to address these bioethical issues to those of different religions, the agnostic as well as the atheists among others. A unique group is the intellectuals whose main contrary world view is that of scientism and the most prevalent antichristian position is privatized therapeutic syncretism. That practicing scientism avoid the question of eternity and the significance of finitude. They refuse to acknowledge the real implication of life being infinitely insignificant. The question the evangelicals must ask themselves when dealing with those of such a worldview is : Can there be basis of for common discussion and at least common conclusions on bioethical issues? The answer is in the social contract which requires the acceptance of the concept that all human beings are endowed with fundamental worth and have a right to life that cannot be reduced. The social contract is an agreement for the moment and not for eternity. It therefore depends on persons having biological life and protects the individual from the state and other individuals including corporations. The social contract requires that one be deemed a person: a human being. Utilitarianism and Christianitys points of convergence Utilitarianism acknowledges that for majority to be happy sometimes the individual forgoes his/her happiness. This agrees with the concept of sacrifice in Christianity where the good of the others is placed ahead of ones own good. Such a sacrifice would be judged as morally good in utilitarianism even though it results in pain to the minority. Through scripture we note that God has nothing against happiness if this happiness is in conformity to His word e,g as depicted in the beatitudes. If the Christian then believes that their desire to be happy is God given then happiness itself can be related to goodness and the Christian will have a point of confluence when the utilitarian refers to happiness as intrinsically good. Christianity postulates that all are equal before God . This agrees with the utilitarian perspective of treating individuals and others with a degree of equality when determining what is morally right or wrong. Although utilitarianism rejects faith as a sufficient basis for ethics, it does not necessarily leave God out of the picture. Theistic utilitarianism simply argues that we need to understand how God communicates his will to us i.e. God teaches us through our senses. Christian utilitarianism says that proper observation of the world should tell us what God expects from us since the universe is Gods creation. We are created to be happy and the result od doing what God intends is happiness. If it be true that God desires the happiness of His creatures, and this was his purpose in their creation, utility is not only not a godless doctrine but more profoundly religious that any other. Utilitarianism and Christianitys points of divergence Classical utilitarianism is empirical stemming from an understanding that we as human beings desire pleasure and seek to avoid pain and human beings are seen as pleasure/pain organisms and bundles of experiences. In such a view a person has no value to herself or to others except for the satisfaction of experiences. Such a view leaves no room for the Christian understanding of human beings as made in the image of God with intrinsic rights. Our value as people is derived from God, who created us in his own image. The principle of utility seems to conflict with the teachings of Jesus. Christ invited the believer to join him in suffering, always to place others first, to turn the other cheek and to forgive. He also teaches that real happiness comes through the service of others ;a kind of happiness that cannot be measured or predicted in utilitarian terms. Utilitarianism does not consider motives and character as important, only the results and consequences. However to the Christian, character and motives(heart) rather than individual acts are key to moral good. To the Christian virtues like love ,joy, peace, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control, are the parameters through which right and wrong are assessed. Finally, utilitarianism assumes that truth comes through our senses and does not need to rely on a source. This is fundamentally in conflict with the Christian view as the latter derives truth from a source revealed to us through the scriptures. Jesus says I am the way the and the truth and the life . No one comes to the father except though me. It is through accepting Christ and walking in Him that the truth in all things is manifest and clearly this point of view is not accepted by utilitarianism as its heavily reliant on faith rather that senses and empirical evidence. Conclusion The right to die and dying with dignity are common slogans for the advancement of a narrative that supports PAS. The mature Christian should use this to shape their involvement and contribution to good end of life care. Faced with aggressive and innovative use of medical technology to sustain biological life often in the name of sanctity of life , the church must protect the right to die with human and Christian dignity cognizant that the meaning of a dignified death is given a deeper meaning than simply the ability die by ones own choosing but rather, protecting a dignified death means that the dying need to be assured that their lives will not be arbitrarily shortened, that they will not have to suffer needlessly, that they will not be subjected to unreasonable and burdensome therapies, that medical technology will be applied judiciously, that free, informed and quality consent will be respected and that they will not be abused or abandoned by the community in their dying. This the n means that excellent palliative care as a counter measure to PAS needs to be pursued more aggressively with the Christian fully engaged.

Creative Writing on Community Spirit

Name of the Sales Team: Y The Manager, XYZ Excellence Awards Program Dear Sir, RE:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   NOMINATION OF MR. X FOR THE XYZ EXCELLENCE AWARD, COMMUNITY SPIRIT CATEGORY We are pleased to nominate Mr. X for the above award. Mr. X has been our Area Manager for a period of †¦. During this period, we have known him as a real ambassador of the Company’s Community Spirit. We believe that this is the time to reward his outstanding services and dedication. Mr. X has been an invaluable asset in building the Company’s ethical and social reputation. Workplace unity has always been his guiding principle. This has enabled us interact freely with each other, learn from each other, and appreciate our diversity. In essence, we have become one family, with strong sense of belonging and unyielding friendship. Mr. X’s Community Spirit efforts go beyond the Company’s boundaries. He has been a good representative to the community as well. He treats the community at large as important stakeholders of the company. Mr. X has always been dedicated to giving back to the community. He continues to support community activities by dedicating his time, resources, and talents, and encourages his colleagues to do the same. This makes us believe that he is the most suited candidate for the above award. We, the thirteen members of Y Sales Team, believe that rewarding Mr. X is rewarding excellence. Regards, Y Sales Team (X and Y are not the real names)

Working At Ibm As A Software Engineer - 2557 Words

One thing that a person realizes when they start working in a group of people is the fact that people are diverse. This can be in their way of thinking, their actions and even in the way they relate to one another. This makes the expected results to vary and become subjective in all manner of ways. This paper focuses on a clear description of the events that took place while I was working at IBM as a software engineer. This paper will focus with one of the projects; VPMI, which happened to be a very complex endeavor, not just for me, but also the team I was working with. Having been selected for the project for the sole reasons of my educational background; software engineering, I was automatically made the technical leader of the group. My other colleagues made the rest of the team. The way this group was structured was in a manner that everyone had a specific job to do, for instance, I was given the task of directing the other group members on the software to use for coding, how to do it in the simplest form and to present all the final material to the project manager after I had reviewed it. The task sounded simple when spelt out, however, it was not the case when work started. We usually had to meet occasionally for the purpose of discussing the next mile-stone for the project. This happened every Monday in the conference room, during this time we would agree on the project’s direction and the way that we would execute it. The project manager would facilitate this and weShow MoreRelatedWorking At Ibm As A Software Engineer2513 Words   |à ‚  11 Pages One thing that a person realizes when they start working in a group of people is the fact that people are diverse. This can be in their way of thinking, their actions and even in the way they relate to one another. 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Marijuana10 Essay Example For Students

Marijuana10 Essay In Amusing Ourselves to Death, Neil Postman alerts us to the dangers brought about by the way television conditions us to tolerate the brevity of visual entertainment. His message is that with each new technological medium introduced, there is a significant trade-off. His primary example was the medium of television. TV is structured to provide information to the viewer on a platform which is both quick and entertaining. This discourages any viewer subjectivity, allowing television to shape and dictate politics, education, religion, and journalism the essence of our discourse. Except for a few pages of enlightenment, the entire book was a conglomerated resource of evidence to support his hypothesis. Important facts underlined generalizations to present logical and agreeable viewpoints.(e.g. Television is our cultures principle mode of knowing about itself. Therefore how television stages the world becomes the model for how the world is properly to be staged( Postman 92) In other word s, how life is depicted on television is how we expect life to be.) And in most cases some truth could be found in Postmans statements (e.g. For no medium is excessively dangerous if its users understand what its dangers are.) (Postman161) Postmans final critical point was not merely enlightenment, but was a message to his reader and a solution aimed at educators: the point I am trying to make is that only through a deep and unfailing awareness of the structure and effects of information, through a Bibbs 2 demystification of media, is there any hope of our gaining some measure of control over television , or the computer, or any other medium. (Postman 161) I agree. Until we begin to question the content, origin, and purpose of what is expressed through television, only then can we truly understand and control the medium known as TV. More specifically my report will stress the merit of chapters six through eleven. The Age of Show Business is essential to the development of Postmans p rimary example of how the structure of television influences American culture. The problem is not that Tv presents us with entertaining subject matter but that all subject matter is presented as entertaining (Postman 87) Plainly stated, American television is devoted entirely to supplying its audience with entertainment. Television has made a profound impact on the American society. Postman claims that due to the influence of television as a medium, Americans no longer talk to each other, they entertain each other. In chapter six of Amusing Ourselves to Death , Neil Postman goes on to point out that because of television we do not exchange ideas; we exchange images. I found this to be a valid hypothesis when considering if and how television had been an influence on my styles of learning. While performing an in-class questionnaire, I discovered that the exercise both identified and defined several characteristics of what seemed to be a trend set in my learning pattern. Of the five c ategories mentioned in Kathleen McWhorters Study Critical Thinking Skills in College, collectively they revealed that I was a social, visual, and pragmatic but not opposed to creative learner. Bibbs 3 McWhorter defined a social learner as one who prefers to work closely with others and enjoys personal interaction; which explains my active classroom participation. Visual learners process information more effectively by seeing it in print, film, or through other visual mediums. Finally, pragmatic learners are practical, logical, and systematic and are comfortable following rules. (McWhorter 113) In all cases I can see where I fit the diagnosis. With this information it was evident that television had played a role in the development of my learning style. To make the connection, I will attempt to use a childrens television show. Sesame Street was my favorite show to watch on television; as a child my choices were limited! At that early age, Sesame Street was in a way programming me to become both a social and visual learner, or so I thought. Through the association of puppets with real people they provided a pseudo-learning environment that encouraged kids to sing-along the alphabet and attempt to solve arithmetic problems by counting sheep or how many cookies the cookie monster ate. This not only promoted a group atmosphere, but also displayed the learning that was taking place on screen, or did it? Although the show did try to instill into children a set of everyday values, (such as do onto others as you would have them do onto you) I don ‘t believe that the show alone (or those like it ) could ever replace the classroom setting. Under closer discretion I realized that the classroom provides a place of social interaction which is essential to the healthy development of children. The viewing of television is more or less a private, secluded act. In class, children can ponder the essence of questions asked by their teachers either amongst themselves or wit h their teacher. This is very important in the development of linguistics, the Bibbs 4 basis of higher elementary education, whereas television merely demands attention to images. Looking more deeply into the subject, I started to wonder if my learning styles would account for my exceptional aptitude and intellectual level being poorly portrayed through my high school transcripts. High school is largely conducted on an independent and auditory scale resulting with instructors hoping to find in their students some aspect of creativity. In my eyes, that concept is totally paradoxical. If educators encourage the institution of such educational programs which supplement long listening activities with quick editing, up-beat tunes, and fun images, when do they expect the student to adapt to lectures and critical analyzing ? Although I found a side of truth in my questioning, it was still no excuse; it didnt apply to me! Frankly I find myself surprised to say that I probably would have fai red about the same without the influence of television in my life. The printing press would have served as well as television in the aspect of becoming a visual learner. From just reading alone, I would assume to be a more logical thinker, causing my pragmatics to increase. And as far as being a social learner- well Ive always been a social person. In conclusion, I dont agree with Mr. Postman in the belief that our public discourse through the medium of television, is making us less social in the sense of conversation and epistemology. I feel that it is the way of 20th century man to communicate through his most for lack of a better term effective medium of communication as was that of our predecessors to communicate through theirs (i.e. print or debate). We are only following suit or maybe the natural course of man to be entertained by our discourse McWhorter, Kathleen. Study Skills and Crtical Thinking for College Students Postman, Neil. Amusing Ourselves to Death Bibliography: .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe , .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .postImageUrl , .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe , .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:hover , .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:visited , .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:active { border:0!important; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:active , .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9341524843b86d0f4772556fc676eabe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: COMPASSION Essay

Total Quality Management (TQM) as a Significant Issue in the Contemporary Strategic Management

The present paper is dedicated to Total Quality Management (TQM) as the present-day forefront issue in strategic management. The history of its emergence is discussed, and the evolution of business focus is outlined. TQM emphasizes continuous improvement at all organizational levels, focus on constant learning and advancement.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Total Quality Management (TQM) as a Significant Issue in the Contemporary Strategic Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The benefit of TQM is in its ability to provide a competitive edge for a company in the highly turbulent modern business environment under the conditions of globalization. TQM is also capable of increasing product quality and customer satisfaction due to increased customer focus, which adds exceptional value to it in the modern business settings. There are many sources of Total Quality Management origin, since the present concept is quite significant for managers worldwide. Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comparatively new concept in the area of strategic management; it emerged in the 1980s mainly as a response of the American companies to the competitive pressure of organizations from Japan (Teeravaraprug, Kitiwanwong, and Tong 102). However, there is also an opinion that the creation of TQM was the credit of the Union of Japanese Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) who targeted their effort at ensuring Japanese performance and competitiveness improvement in the postwar years (Powell 16). Ambang claims that TQM emerged worldwide as a response to the requirements of globalization (83). Hence, the origins of the TQM concept, model, and approach are unclear, and there is much less understanding thereof than there is attention for TQM implementation. The TQM approach rests on the assumption that a company can survive only due to continuous improvement of quality (Rampersad 1). Therefore, the TQM approach to the d esign of the organizational processes is focused on quality improvement, improvement of customer orientation and satisfaction, reduction of costs and throughput periods (Rampersad 1). TQM enables any company to acquire effectiveness, flexibility, and competitiveness in operations; it also assists in reduction of waste due to the emphasis on prevention efforts instead of detection and correction of mistakes (Rawlins 19-20). It is obvious from the overview of the contribution that TQM makes to the functioning of any business entity that it is now the cutting edge of strategic management efforts. The purpose of the present paper is therefore to delineate the advantages offered by TQM in more detail, and to assess its effectiveness in the modern business settings. Opinions of management researchers in the field of TQM application will also be critically assessed with the purpose of identifying the true value of TQM for strategic managerial initiatives.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More TQM is considered the modern paradigm of management (Jafar, Mohammad, Fariba, and Mehrdad 19). TQM stands alongside with Supply Chain Management (SCM) as the most important strategic approach for organizations (Talib, Rahman, and Qureshi 26). Judging from these evaluations, one may assume that TQM indeed occupies a central place in the modern strategic management initiatives. The chief reason for the key importance of TQM is that it attempts to achieve its goals (namely, cost reduction and quality increase) by means of informing all stakeholders about the quality issues (Wienclaw 3). TQM brings the increased use of teamwork and inspires the establishment of creative, innovative climate at any workplace, which is highly valued in the modern business environment as strategic advantages. It seems reasonable to suppose that the evolution in business paradigms and approaches is no t chaotic; there are always innovative solutions that meet the changing needs of market participants, both businesses and customers. Therefore, the shift from industry structure and competitive positioning that was dominant in the strategic management before the 1980s may be justified by the necessity of a new approach (Powell 15). It became clear in the 1980s that a generation of new business values and competencies came, and the companies should focus on culture, capabilities, administrative skills, know-how, and learning (Powell 15). This change brought about the creation of TQM that could respond to these organizational needs. Now, the TQM practices include top management commitment to the integration of TQM across all organizational levels; customer focus is the central element of the TQM implementation. Much emphasis is put on training an education as the major paths of increasing the human potential of the organization; continuous improvement and innovation become the benchma rks of TQM integration in the organization. Finally, the supplier management and employee management practices ensure compliance of all business processes and flawless operation in all aspects and at all departments (Talib, Rahman, and Qureshi 31). There is no doubt that such integrative approach to business operations dooms the company to success, improvement, and self-guided evolution. One can also assume the importance of TQM judging from the evidence of its overall positive effect on the company’s operation (Koc 213), and its ability to bring about product safety, flexibility in operations, quality improvement of the company’s output, and reduction of the cost of quality (Talib, Rahman, and Mehrdad 31).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Total Quality Management (TQM) as a Significant Issue in the Contemporary Strategic Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The implementation process also c ontains some positive features, since it involves the comprehensive internal participation of management and employees. Consequently, once the staff of the company adopts the TQM philosophy both at the individual and collective level, the success of TQM integration becomes a much more viable perspective. Instead of a conclusion, one should note that TQM integration in the organizational setting is currently the number one priority for managers dealing with strategic planning at their workplaces. TQM is a universal model increasing the competitive edge of the company, reducing costs and waste, and increasing product quality. The TQM approach helps organizations to become more customer-focused, and to gain higher levels of customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is a step towards a new stage in strategic management of any organization, giving a comprehensive, holistic approach to supervision, planning, and organizational change. Works Cited Ambang, Tabian. â€Å"Influences of internatio nal management trends on business organizations in Papua New Guinea†. Contemporary PNG Studies: DWU Research Journal. 13 (2010): 81-94. Jafar, Azizi, Mohammad, Taleghani, Fariba, Esmaielpoor, and Gudarzvand Chegini Mehrdad. â€Å"Effect of the quality costing system on implementation and execution of optimum Total Quality Management†. International Journal of Business and Management. 5:8 (2010): 19-26. Koc, Tufan. â€Å"The relationship between TQM and performance in small manufacturing enterprises: The mediation effect of failure†. International Journal of Industrial Engineering. 18:4 (2011): 203-218. Naagarazan, R. S., and Arivalagar, A. A. Total Quality Management. New Delhi, India: New Age International, 2009.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Powell, C. Thomas. â€Å"Total Quality Management as competitive advantage: a review and empirical study†. Strategic Management Journal. 16 (1995): 15-37. Rampersad, K. Hubert. Total Quality Management: An Executive Guide to Continuous Improvement. New York, NY: Springer, 2010. Rawlins, R. Ashley. Total Quality Management (TQM). Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2008. Talib, Faisal, Rahman, Zillur, and M. N. Qureshi. â€Å"Integrating Total Quality Management and Supply Chain Management: Similarities and benefits†. The IUP Journal of Supply Chain Management. 7:4 (2010): 26-44. Teeravaraprug, Jirarat, Kitiwanwong, Ketlada, and Nuttapon Sae Tong. â€Å"Relationship model and supporting activities of JIT, TQM and TPM†. Songklanakarin Journal of Science Technology. 33:1 (2011): 101-106. Wienclaw, E. Ruth. â€Å"Business strategy and policy†. EBSCO Research Starters. 2008 Birmingham, AL: EBSCO Publishing Inc., 2008. This report on Total Quality Management (TQM) as a Significant Issue in the Contemporary Strategic Management was written and submitted by user Grant Snyder to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Different Suffixes for Different Contexts

Different Suffixes for Different Contexts Different Suffixes for Different Contexts Different Suffixes for Different Contexts By Mark Nichol Many words derived from Latin have two (and occasionally three or more) possible plural forms. The distinction is usually between popular usage based on English plural endings grafted onto Latin terms and scientific or technical form based on a traditional reading of the original language. Here are discussions of alternatives for plural forms of six types of word endings. -as or -ae Antennas are devices for carrying radio signals; antennae are sensory organs attached to the heads of certain creatures. Formulas might be used in a comparison of beverage mixtures for infants (and for other popular usage and even business contexts), while formulae is the formal term for mathematical or scientific expressions. -eaus or -eaux French words borrowed into English that end in -eau usually take the English plural form -s. The form ending in -x is likely to be seen as pedantic unless it is clearly used in a mocking sense (as when a writer facetiously sympathizes with a billionaire who has felt compelled to sell one of several chateaux.) -exes/-ixes or -ices Words ending in -ex or -ix (appendix, index, matrix, vertex) are generally followed by the plural form -es in all but the most technical contexts, though in scholarly publishing, appendices is the norm to refer to two or more pieces of additional text following the main section of a book. -mas or -mata Few words derived from Greek that end in -ma are in general usage, at least in plural form. (Anathema, for example, is common in singular form but not in plural form.) Dogma and schema, however, take an -s plural ending in popular usage; -mata is the formal alternative. -ums or -a Words ending in -um sometimes take an -s as a plural ending in popular usage and -ia in scientific or technical contexts consortium, criterion, forum, spectrum, and symposium come to mind but several notable exceptions exist: Mediums applies informally to multiple objects such as garments labeled as medium size, or to two or more spiritualists, while forms of communication are almost invariably referred to as media; that form is also prevalent in digital technology. (In relatively obscure scientific contexts, media is the singular form, and mediae is the plural form.) Memoranda and millennia are the preferred plural forms even in popular usage. Phenomena is prevalent over phenomenons, but the latter form (or the truncation phenoms) might be used as slang to refer to more than one particularly talented person. us- or -i The singular form of octopus is used to refer collectively to specimens used as food. (â€Å"The main course was sautà ©ed octopus.†) Octopuses is the most sensible plural form in general; octopi is incorrect because octopus is from Greek, not Latin, and -i is a Latin plural suffix, but the Greek form, octopodes, employing the Greek plural suffix -odes, is rare. The same is true, generally, of the plural form of platypuses, though the singular form frequently does double duty. Cactus, however, is Latin (albeit botanical, rather than classical, Latin), not Greek. Cacti is the prevalent plural form, though cactus and cactuses are also common. Other words ending in -us vary in their plural form: focus, fungus, and radius become, depending on formality, focuses, funguses, and radiuses or foci, fungi, and radii, while corpus and genus take an -era ending (corpera, genera) in scientific contexts. The only correct plural form for census and prospectus is the English plural ending -es (and campi is a rare plural form for campus), but alumnus becomes alumni; alumnuses is incorrect. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Direct and Indirect ObjectsThe Six Spellings of "Long E"Supervise vs. Monitor

Concept and components of business cycles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Concept and components of business cycles - Essay Example Whenever talks are made concerning the economic or business fluctuations, notions of aggregate economic income or output is anticipated. This is because, while business cycles are expressed in terms of fluctuations in GDP, there is usually an accompaniment by labor unemployment rate fluctuations too (Parkin, 2012). However, economists have often noted that there is variation in the lengths of a complete business cycle, as the duration may range from between two to twelve years, but averagely six years. Business cycles are significant in the sense that they highlight the economic relationships that exists in the economy. For instance, while growth in the economy will fall and rise with cycles, it generates a long-term trend line for growth. Economic growth above the trend line would result in a fall in the unemployment rate. Based on Okun’s Law, a 1% rise in GDP above the trend line would result in a 0.5% decline in the employment (Parkin & Bade, 2001). A business cycle is often comprised of four main stages that form its components. These are the recession (trough), contraction, recovery and expansion, and growth (peak). Even though the concept of the business cycle is used in relation to the larger economy, its phases can be applied to several sections of the business or a particular industry. The expansion and recovery phase relates to the period in which the business is rising, and consumer confidence is growing in the economy. As such, companies seize the opportunity to expand, and incomes and spending rates increase. This period is often associated with significant aggregate increase in factors such as total income, output, trade and employment rates. It persists for approximately six months, and is characterized by a widespread expansion of economic units/sectors in the economy. An extended period of this phase results in a boom in which the

Formal Organizations and Bureaucracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Formal Organizations and Bureaucracy - Essay Example Though some of the managers there were recruited from other firms, the majority of them started out as representatives or sales persons in a lower ranking position. The philosophy of the firm was that it would always seek persons from within the organization to fill the empty slots at higher ranks before looking outside for possible employees. This offered motivation to many of the workers in the organization, and therefore, many CSR's worked very hard at their positions and went the extra mile of attempting to become excellent sales representatives as well, in order that the promised rewards would follow. One drawback of this bureaucratic institution that had a particular effect on me was the alienation that inevitably attended an organization of such immense size and structure. Every single minute of the day was planned out for me as an employee. Breaks were scheduled, as were lunch times; and electronic systems and constant overhead monitoring made sure that no deviations from the stringent patterns were possible. Although rewards were merely possible, punishment was a certainty.

Vanity Fair & Male Vanity Essay Example for Free

Vanity Fair Male Vanity Essay Through the course of history as gender relates to either sex, the flamboyance of either gender is dependent upon culture. The male birds of the Amazon are typically more colorful than their female counterparts, and their mating dance is very unique in its structure, and the female for her part does not have to ‘go through the loops’ of such ritual as the male does. This is true for other animals as well from the battle of rams to the dolphin fights in the ocean; the importance of strength and beauty has dominated the sexual history of animals. This is also true for the human race, and in no other culture and time in history as in the Victorian culture is the human male more ‘colorful’ than the female. The idea of vanity as it is expressed in Vanity Fair will be explored throughout this essay. William Makepeace Thackeray explores this concept in his characters and how vanity, or the ‘color’ of the male gender in the Victorian culture, is the motif of everyday living for such protagonists. This idea will be presented in this essay will textual support from Vanity Fair as well as Laura George’s article The Emergence of the Dandy and Russell A. Fraser’s Pernicious Casuistry: A Study of Character in Vanity Fair. Throughout the course of the novel, Thackeray employs the recurrent theme of the â€Å"dandy† or as George states, â€Å"†¦sparks, fops, beaux, swells, coxcombs, popinjays, macaroni, butterflies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (George 2), a term that can be used to describe â€Å"men who aspire to be genteel. † The dandy was envisioned by a man who went by the name of George Beau Brummell, as George states, â€Å"†¦Brummell frequently represented all that was abjected by modern masculinity: love of fashion, of fabric, of the shape and cut of one’s clothes. Brummell himself bore a complex relationship to the emerging regime of masculine fashionable austerity† (George 1). By focusing upon this concept of the dandy and the effects it can have upon an individual’s personality, Thackeray decides to focus upon his male characters, Joseph Sedley and George Osborne, in particular. While the other characters within the novel are capable of accepting whatever amount of dandyism they might have, it is these two characters that remain transfixed upon their ability to maintain being dandy, which ultimately lead them to their unfortunate deaths. They were too consumed with thoughts about appearance both physically and socially to the extent it affected their ability to function in the world of â€Å"Vanity Fair†. In other words, these characters are seen being prime examples of how Thackeray’s novel is concerned with how each â€Å"character’s presentation will determine their success or failure†. Soon after Thackeray introduces his readers to the world of Vanity Far, the reader learns too quickly that these characters belonging to the middle class aspire to be part of the aristocracy hence the role of the dandy coming into play. It has often been said that the â€Å"aristocratic dandies, is at once a unique person- the model of dandyhood for all time- an embodiment of a common middle-class fantasy of aristocratic distinction† ( Cole, 137), which is why we see many of Thackeray’s characters constantly finding opportunities to better themselves, and their rank in society. Sir Rawdon Crawley, for example, was the one of few characters belonging to the aristocracy and was happily willing to give it up when he married Miss Rebecca Sharp. In the passage, â€Å"By these attentions, the veteran rake, Rawdon Crawley, found himself coveted into a very happy submissive married man† (191) indicates that while Joseph Sedley and George Osborne would be unhappy had they lost their rank in society, Thackeray illustrates at how some people are content with the simpler things in life, things not involving money. The dandy or in the case of Vanity Fair, Sedly and Osborne were distracted by other things in life, despite their apparent unimportance to livelihood and more to do with ambiance, as George states of the dandy (and as it illustrates the dandy’s vanity in Thackeray’s novel); There are traces of the man of fashion as ‘thing’ usage earlier, but the habit seems to coalesce around the time of the Restoration, and for good reason. Throughout the tumultuous seventeenth century, the relations between masculinity and fashion were violently contested, as the various Stuart courts were accused of conspicuous consumption, luxury, and effeminacy (along with a regrettable tendency to belive in their own divine rights); as Puritans pointed to the theological meanings of clothes; as domestic texatile manufactourers (as opposed to traders) sought an economic voice; and as the stakes and status of imported fabrics changed. It was in this context, as David Kuchta has argues, that Charles II adopted the three piece suit as the new sartorial model for masculinity (George 4) Joseph Sedley is the epitome of a dandy in Thackeray’s novel, and he illustrates of each of these points made by George. It seems that the gaining of wealth is the main preoccupation of the characters in Thackeray’s novel, and it was with the dandy that this wealth was displayed best to the public. Joseph Sedley’s nickname in the novel is ‘Waterloo Sedley’ because of his uncanny obsession with the Duke of Wellington. It seems that throughout the novel, Joseph Sedley, attaches himself to nobility purely on the grounds of their nobility as he relates himself with Lord Tapeworm despite his impecunious state merely because he is a lord. Joseph Sedley pays extra attention to his appearance, more so than the pages describing the women getting prepared to go out. In all, the essence of a dandy is one whose ego is larger than his humility and this is exceedingly true for Joseph Sedley as he does not concern himself with other’s judgments (except if they are noble) and eats and drinks and parties in a constant orgy around London (when he is in London). He does not like military life and is said to quaver at the sound of a canon at one point in the novel. Joseph Sedley fears any authority figure who could cut him down in front of nobility (such as his father) and he only pays attention to his own appearance and not to any politics, or other socially engaging conversation. Also, Joseph Sedley’s egoism is so large and his dandy state corresponds to this that he does not change throughout the course of the novel. Joseph Sedley believes that his state of being is appropriate and he is happy being who and what he is to care to change. It is through this fault of being a dandy and having such a large ego and such a selfish personality that Becky is able to ensnare him into marriage. With Rawdon Crawley’s rejection of the aristocratic ideal, Thackeray uses this to portray the idea of the dandy being solely a middle-class virtue. It appears that this â€Å" flamboyant aristocratic model of the eighteenth century was gradually rejected and supplanted by a restored and virtuous† (Reed) high class, which is why characters like Lord Steyne can still be considered dandy without sacrificing their own ideals; even though, he tries to exude his fantasies of Rebecca. Again, none of his actions can be compared to those of George Osborne. For example, when Dobbin publicly embarrasses George about the lack of affection he has towards his fiancee Amelia, George decides to prove his affections by purchasing a gift for his dear Amelia. Although George’s act of kindness is provoked as a gesture to prove his feelings for Amelia to the ever judgmental William Dobbin, he still decides to pursue what Thackeray displays as being a mockery of the middle-class gentleman. A true gentleman would not need to borrow money from his friend as George is seen doing when deciding to buy Amelia’s gift, to a man he is already trying to prove himself. George’s inability to conjure up the sufficient funds indicates his lack of knowledge of what it means to be dandy. In order to truly exude the essence of being a dandy, the use of flamboyance displayed in clothing as well as a countenounce of style must be utilized, which it seems George lacks as his countenance is spurred by jealousy and a certain essence of revenge and a little pride in his buying Amelia a gift, not as a dandy would buy a gift for the purpose of sharing their flamboyance but more to prove another man wrong, which is more ‘white-collar’ than noble (as the nobility in the definition of the dandy was the main element in society they wanted to portray). Here it seems that George, in the analogy of the animal kingdom and the male having to display his power and beauty in order to waylay other men from taking his choice in female, George is truly playing the part of the dominant male. Thus, his definition of a dandy may be split in half. His actions speak towards being too masculine and paying too much attention to the jealousy and revenge and pride in his nature on how much he loves his girl, while the other part of him is paying strict attention to his dandy nature in him buying her a gift in order to win her affections, thus ‘dancing’ for her. However it is in his intentions with the gift that George can most decidedly not be a dandy. In order to have a true lack of definition of a dandy to apply to George Osborne, a more thorough review of the main definition of a dandy is needed, as George writes, Anxieties about young sparks selling land in order to waste money on the transitory notions of fashion date at least to the Renaissance, but in the wake of the Puritan Commonwealth and in the midst of concern about Stuart affiliations with the French court, the political stakes of fashionable choices seemed particularly stark†¦Addison and Steel were particularly annoyed by the fops who troubled boundaries they were working to stabilize. That is, as fashionable consumption enriched manufacturers and shopkeepers at the expense of the aristocracy, Addison and Steele sough tot portray fashion itself as feminine in particular ways: as prone to ungovernable appetites, unreasonable fancies, and as generally wasting in its seductive powers. Men who gave into its allure risked becoming feminine, or risked losing their humanity altogether. The figure of the Romantic –era dandy, then, addressed old concerns, stirred up old fears, and challenged strongly defended distinctions between masculinity and fashion (George 5). According then to this statement, George’s obsession with proving himself to his fellow male friends would put him the category of half a dandy as he does not display all of the necessary traits that being a true dandy entails. However, it is his vanity that truly defines George’s personality. His vanity on how he will appear to his friends is what initiates his gift-giving and thus, it is vanity that is the main propellant to this character’s impetus on most of his actions in the course of the novel. His vanity in his own ego just like Sedley’s drives this character forward in Thackeray’s work, and it is vanity which engulfs him in relationship with Amelia. By failing to exhibit many of the traits of what defines a gentleman throughout the novel, George is seen trying to hold on to this idea of being a dandy, a trait he obviously lacks. It is in his pursuits that Thackeray appears to be a making a mockery of George and what he believes makes him superior to his much hated rival, Rebecca. However, the two of them are very much alike, each character is seen as taking advantage of each opportunity to better their position in society, and it is their pursuits that Thackeray allows the English class system to shine through in his novel. For instance, when Rebecca is seen writing a letter to her beloved Amelia about her first encounter with Rawdon Crawley where she writes â€Å"Your Indian Muslin and your pink silk, dearest Amelia, are said to become me very well. They are a good deal worn now; but you know, we poor girls cannot afford des fraiches toilettes† (Thackeray 115), Thackeray has her ending the letter with the story of her scarf. This scarf does not represent a gift, but a class distinction. He wants to remind his audience of the different privileges available to the middle class, and it is through the use of the dandy that his message is conveyed. In Rebecca’s position as a â€Å"penniless governess† her only exposure to anything Indian would be this scarf that Amelia herself did not want. This scarf appears to be Amelia indirectly displaying her thoughts of the lower class believing them to only be worthy of her trash—or it could also be her tactless manner and her own inability to see beyond the scope of her own world and thus her giving this as a gift is her ignorance being displayed in Thackeray’s novel and how privileged women are not always the smartest despite their positions. Interestingly, Rebecca took it as an act of kindness, and as something of value. It appears that by her taking advantage of the scarf it is her way of holding on to some piece of the middle class, her wearing of the garment is a way to fool people of the reality of her situation. Despite her tactless manner, it seems that Amelia is one of the only redeeming character’s in Vanity Fair, again this may be attributed to her ignorance, as Fraser writes

Analysis of Stolls Essay, On Classrooms, With and Without Computers :: Education Teaching

Analysis of Stoll's Essay, On Classrooms, With and Without Computers Clifford Stoll's essay "On Classrooms, with and without Computers" discusses the role computers play in the modern classroom. Although the theme is not directly stated at the beginning of the piece, it soon becomes apparent that Stoll believes that computers do not have the ability to give a person, especially a child, a complete education because "only human beings can teach the connections between things." He uses a style of asking questions and then answering them himself, which works well because it causes the reader to think about the topic before Stoll presents his own argument. It also keeps the essay organized, although it makes the text seem choppy at times. His tone is educated, though sometimes sarcastic. The audience that he writes for would likely be parents, teachers, and other people concerned about quality education; and they are also likely to be fairly educated people themselves. The essay is based on the warrant that computers have inherent limitations that should not be ignored. In order to support his claim of fact, Stoll uses three ideas. The first support claim questions the value of the information the children are receiving from computers. An example Stoll uses is a Computer-Using Educators conference when a speaker pointed out the amount of research a computer can generate. One teacher remarked that the printed pages were worthless in a classroom without a great deal of sorting and working. Audience members unfamiliar with computers would sympathize with this situation, although a technologically advanced group might be experienced enough to cut down on extra work. Either way, it implies that more precise methods might work better. Stoll's second support claim discusses how people view computers. In American school systems computer classes are replacing other classes like home economics and drivers education. Logical thinkers would be persuaded that emphasis on computers is shortsighted. When David Thornburg, director of the Computer-Using Educators conference, says that soon students will not need to use library because of the information they can get at home on the Internet, Stoll expresses disbelief at the notion. Educated people accustomed to learning in several different ways would agree with the idea that there is more to learning than this one resource. Stoll also uses the learning styles of children to support his claim. There is a physical side of education that cannot be simulated on screen, and a persuasive point that he makes is that by encouraging inquisitiveness in all of the areas of education children will have a broader basis on which to learn. Analysis of Stoll's Essay, On Classrooms, With and Without Computers :: Education Teaching Analysis of Stoll's Essay, On Classrooms, With and Without Computers Clifford Stoll's essay "On Classrooms, with and without Computers" discusses the role computers play in the modern classroom. Although the theme is not directly stated at the beginning of the piece, it soon becomes apparent that Stoll believes that computers do not have the ability to give a person, especially a child, a complete education because "only human beings can teach the connections between things." He uses a style of asking questions and then answering them himself, which works well because it causes the reader to think about the topic before Stoll presents his own argument. It also keeps the essay organized, although it makes the text seem choppy at times. His tone is educated, though sometimes sarcastic. The audience that he writes for would likely be parents, teachers, and other people concerned about quality education; and they are also likely to be fairly educated people themselves. The essay is based on the warrant that computers have inherent limitations that should not be ignored. In order to support his claim of fact, Stoll uses three ideas. The first support claim questions the value of the information the children are receiving from computers. An example Stoll uses is a Computer-Using Educators conference when a speaker pointed out the amount of research a computer can generate. One teacher remarked that the printed pages were worthless in a classroom without a great deal of sorting and working. Audience members unfamiliar with computers would sympathize with this situation, although a technologically advanced group might be experienced enough to cut down on extra work. Either way, it implies that more precise methods might work better. Stoll's second support claim discusses how people view computers. In American school systems computer classes are replacing other classes like home economics and drivers education. Logical thinkers would be persuaded that emphasis on computers is shortsighted. When David Thornburg, director of the Computer-Using Educators conference, says that soon students will not need to use library because of the information they can get at home on the Internet, Stoll expresses disbelief at the notion. Educated people accustomed to learning in several different ways would agree with the idea that there is more to learning than this one resource. Stoll also uses the learning styles of children to support his claim. There is a physical side of education that cannot be simulated on screen, and a persuasive point that he makes is that by encouraging inquisitiveness in all of the areas of education children will have a broader basis on which to learn.

Is Monopoly Necessarily Less Efficient Than Perfect Competition?

Is Monopoly necessarily less efficient than Perfect Competition According to SJ Grant’s Introductory Economics, Monopoly is the only sole supplier of the industry. They would not inherit any competitions as well as having no close substitutes. There are many reasons that cause the formation of Monopolists. Barriers to enter or exit discourages new firms to enter the market (patent rights creates a right to sell that product, abnormal profit, predatory pricing, raw material ownership, high fixed cost, government) being a price maker, firms either merge or get taken over by other firms and economies of scale.In Perfect competition, there are many sellers and buyers; there are only homogenous goods and perfect information. They are price takers so no firm charges either below or above the ruling market price. The demand curve is perfectly elastic. In this type of market, there is consumer sovereignty and advertisement could not be used to influence consumer’s demands. Howe ver both of them are opposite extreme forms of the market structure and in the realistic world, they hardly ever occur. An economist would define efficiency as ‘nothing can be made better off without causing the loss of another’.This is also known as Pareto efficiency. Meanwhile it is also when the resources are allocated in the best possible ways at the lowest possible average cost. Figure 1 Some people view Monopoly to be less efficient than perfect competition because they face no direct competition and so they would not work towards the interest of consumers. They would fail to apprehend productive efficiency using techniques and factors of production to produce at the lowest possible average cost per unit, because the cost of production is not a main concern to a Monopolist.They would simply increase price or restrict output. Monopolies are able to do that because they are price makers; even though the setting price is determined by the demand, they are still capab le of restricting output and increase the price. This demonstrated by figure 1 where the price is set against the AR curve rather than the MR. On the contrary, perfect competition means firms compete against each other: cost in this case is one of the main issues. The firms in that market would aim to produce at the lowest average cost because of the profit maximizing point, MR=MC.But in a perfect competitive market, the firms in the long run would only get normal profit so total revenue equals total cost. Figure 2 Monopolists are able to attain abnormal profit in the long run due to barriers to entry or exit. It illustrates that monopolies have market power and the downward sloping demand curve is one of the causes as shown in figure 2. The quantity and price which the monopolist selects is largely dependent on the marginal revenue and marginal cost. But the marginal revenue curve would always be lower than the demand curve.The reason for this can be illustrated by the figure 2; It shows that at any two random points and using the method of working out the total revenue (price X quantity), you would always get a negative gradient curve. Whilst differentiating the curve’s equation, you would always get the curve being below the demand curve. The quantity or price the firm chooses is based on the marginal revenue and marginal cost because, by increasing output, it causes two contrasting effects, price and quantity.The quantity effect is that by producing one more unit and it being sold, it increases the total revenue by the price that it is sold at. But producing more units, it decreases the price of the good and makes total revenue fall: this is the price effect. The price effect means that the marginal revenue will not be constant and so it would be below the demand curve. Consequently price effect would always occur if the monopolist increases quantity. However in a perfect competition, the MR equals AR: the firms being price takers, they can only acc ept the ruling market price.The AR curve is perfectly elastic because of consumer sovereignty. In figure 3, it shows that the firms only aim the price at the market demand; no firms would produce below the ruling market price because in the long run they would be earning a loss and eventually leave the market and in contrast, they would not set it above the market price because no consumers would buy from them when the goods are homogenous and other firms are there. Figure 3 Subsequently, with the MR curve always being below the demand curve, it causes the monopolist produce inefficiently.This is because all firms desires to produce the profit maximizing point, MR=MC and when the monopoly produces at that point, it will always produce at the point that is lower than the efficient level and so monopolies misallocate resources. Hence deadweight loss occurs and this can happen both in the long and short run as there are no competition pressure for them to become allocatively efficient. Allocative efficient is when P=MC where the cost reflects the price. Another point would be that unregulated monopoly can overcharge consumers as well as not allocating resource in a satisfactory manner.In a perfect competition market, firms are able to obtain allocatively efficient in the long run. Firms can misallocate in the short run due to them either earning abnormal profit or a loss but as soon as market competitions enhances firms to earn normal profit and produce efficiently, it becomes allocatively efficient. Barriers to entry prevent this discipline from market competition to happen to a monopolist and so they continue to misallocate resources. Figure 4 The idea of misallocation of resource closely links to the result of deadweight loss.Deadweight loss is the net loss where there is a loss of goods being produced for the price that consumer pay at. For figure 4, it shows that due to the price being charged against the D curve instead of MR=MC, this causes the area of the consumer surplus , when consumer pay less for the good they were willing to pay for, to decrease and the producer surplus, the amount gained from selling a good to increase. This suggests that the monopolist is X-inefficient as consumer loses out, producers gain from it.Furthermore it can be seen that there is an area of deadweight loss formed as well. Not all resources are used in the market. In comparison to perfect competition, figure 3, all the area above P1 is the consumer surplus and there is no deadweight loss, all the quantity produced is reflected towards to consumer demand. However Monopoly being less efficient than perfect competition is not always the case. The ability of economies of scale is a mass production of a good or when goods are distributed through network or grids (i. e. water supply).This makes the cost of production cheaper thus brings the price down. They are called Natural monopoly and they are more technically efficient. In figure 5, Pm from monopoly is lower than the price from smaller firms and more quantity is produced. If these goods are provided by smaller competitive firms, the cost would be greater leading to the goods being more expensive. Figure 5 Monopolies can earn abnormal profits in the long run means that they can use the profit to invest in research and development. This is known as dynamically efficient.They choose to invest for further development because it would make them become more efficient hence maintaining their market position and also to improve their differentiated goods making demand become more inelastic. In reality, Microsoft uses their profit and invests in the development area. They are a well established company and have customer loyalty due to the quality of their goods and the patent rights they impose. In contrast to perfect competition, firms would not be able to invest because they only earn normal profit.However it is not guaranteed that monopolist would make abnormal profit; it is also possib le that they only earn normal. In conclusion, through analyzing the efficiency in productive, allocative, technical and dynamical, monopoly is not necessarily less efficient than perfect competition. Although they can misallocate resources, resulting in deadweight loss, increase price or restrict output in order to gain profit there are other monopolies that are efficient like natural monopolies.One of the main reasons that monopolies produce less than the efficient level is because they lack competition pressure. If the firm is regulated by the government maybe it would act in the best interest of the society. However others may argue that because of the government, the monopoly is being protected by them. While monopolies is not always less efficient than perfect competition, most of the time is it and that is the reason governments regulate monopolies and prevent firms merging together or get taken over by.

Presidentail Power The State of the Union Speech Essays

Overseeing the action of the armed forces, appointing treaties to be drafted, managing national affairs and being a figurehead for a great nation all imply that the individual holding the title of President has a great amount of power at their disposal. There are those indviduals who automatically come to mind talking about the President, people like JFK, FDR and Abraham Lincoln, people who left a profound impact on the nation. Then there are the back burner Presidents who do not come to mind at all, individuals like Franklin Pierce and Benjamin Harrison, who did not seem to have anything significant happen during their time as president. Some Presidents seem to have been incredibly powerful while others appear t be there just a†¦show more content†¦In order to this, the President has to be able to balance the different interests of each group and be able to persuade them, not command them, to do what he wants or else it looks like weakness (Ellington). When FDR created the Works Progress Administration that gave jobs back to Americans, it was agreed upon and funded by Congress (Leuchtenburg). His ability to persuade them into taking that route to help the American public made him look more powerful in the eyes of the people because he was able to get his way and help them. This was in complete contrast to the time when Woodrow Wilson was unable to convince the Majority of Congress to ratify the treaty of Versailles because he was unwilling to compromise (Versailles). This in turn led to the Democrats losing the next election, a clear example of the loss of power. The ability of the President to be able to persuade other members of the government to pass plans that they come up with is one that clearly demonstrates their power and can make them seem even more powerful if they are able to successfully do it. Public opinion of a President affects how powerful they appear at the time. Some Presidents, like Ronald Regan were liked by a good number of people which helps them get more power because they had the support of the public. There is never a guarantee that one hundred percent of the people will like them, but a lot of people did like Regan during his presidency.